Central Line-Associated Bloodstream Infections (CLABSI)
A central line is an IV that is placed into a patient’s large vein, usually in the neck, chest, arms or groin. 当细菌或其他细菌进入患者的中心静脉然后进入血液时，就会发生中心静脉血流感染(CLABSI). 医护人员、患者和家属可以在CLABSI预防中发挥积极作用. Most of these infections can be prevented with the correct insertion, cleaning and care practice of a central line.
What is this measure?
Johns Hopkins’ children’s hospitals, including Johns Hopkins All Childrens Hospital, The Johns Hopkins Hospital, 约翰霍普金斯湾景医疗中心和霍华德县总医院, all care for children with many complex chronic conditions. 这些情况通常需要插入一根中心线来抽血, or to give critically ill patients fluids and medications more easily. The line can be left in place for several weeks or months if needed.
有时，细菌或其他细菌可以进入推荐十大正规网赌平台的中央静脉并进入他们的血液. This can cause an infection. These infections are serious, but can often be successfully treated. 约翰霍普金斯医学院追踪了许多不同的感染，包括发展为CLABSI的患者.
Why is it important?
提供最好和最安全的护理是约翰霍普金斯医学院的首要任务. 疾病控制和预防中心估计每年有41例,在美国，由污染的中央静脉管引起的儿童和成人患者中有000例血流感染.S. hospitals.
Healthcare workers help prevent CLABSIs in many ways, 包括遵循小心和无菌中央静脉导管插入的具体指导方针. 这些指南是基于证据的指南，并建议适当维持中心静脉导管，并在不再需要时立即从患者身上移除中心静脉导管.
What is Johns Hopkins doing to improve?
为我们的患者提供最好和最安全的护理是约翰霍普金斯医学院的首要任务. Part of this work includes preventing infections in the hospital, including central line associated bloodstream infections.
约翰霍普金斯医学院遵循循证指南和最佳实践，目标是消除所有clabsi. 预防CLABSI的一种机制是使用特定的中心管插入检查表，以确保中心管尽可能安全地插入. The checklist details each action that must be taken before, during, and after the insertion of a central line. 约翰·霍普金斯医学院也使用了中央静脉导管的供应包和工具包, 这样工作人员就可以在一个地方方便地获取所有的材料和用品.
监测对中央管道维护最佳实践的遵守情况也是CLABSI预防的重要组成部分. 约翰霍普金斯医学院监测中央静脉导管维护包的依从性, which includes the monitoring of dressings and tubing.
约翰霍普金斯医学院的工作人员一直在重新评估和评估是否仍然需要中心静脉导管，目标是尽快移除中心静脉导管.
Frontline Perspective
According to infection control epidemiologist Taylor McIlquham, 每个工作人员都可以将基本的感染控制措施纳入其日常工作流程，以帮助减少clabsi的风险.Taylor McIlquham, M.P.H.
Infection Control Epidemiologist
The Johns Hopkins Hospital
“我们的许多推荐十大正规网赌平台都需要中央静脉导管，这些导管被放置在大静脉中，为推荐十大正规网赌平台输送药物或液体，但它们可能成为细菌或其他细菌进入推荐十大正规网赌平台血液的来源. This can cause an infection. Central line-associated bloodstream infections, or CLABSIs, 我们是否可以通过基本的感染控制措施来预防危害. 预防或减少CLABSI的风险可能意味着缩短住院时间, fewer complications and less pain for patients and their families. 我们所能做的任何减少这种伤害风险的事情对我们的推荐十大正规网赌平台都很重要.
“我们预防感染最成功的策略是团队合作. 我们做的最重要的一件事就是确保每个人, from bedside nurses to environmental services staff members, understands their role in CLABSI prevention and patient safety. From the moment a central line is inserted in a patient, 每个工作人员都可以采取一些措施来预防感染，保证推荐十大正规网赌平台的安全.
“Our goal is to have zero CLABSIs. 当一个单位连续一年没有获得CLABSI时，我们会认可员工的这一成就. 这种认可是我们所有人继续努力实现零clabsi的巨大动力.
“I love that I have the opportunity to work with patients, 来自医院各处的家属和工作人员预防医院获得性感染，保证推荐十大正规网赌平台的安全.”
How can patients and family support safety?
Patients, parents, 如果家长发现中央线列车的换衣脱落、变湿或变脏，应提醒工作人员. 患者和家属也可以询问他们的医疗保健提供者，在接触电话线之前是否进行了手部卫生. They are encouraged to speak up if they have any concerns. 访客还需要遵循良好的手卫生习惯，在进出推荐十大正规网赌平台房间之前洗手.
如果推荐十大正规网赌平台离开医院，而中心输液管仍然存在，推荐十大正规网赌平台和家属将被告知如何照顾中心输液管.
Communicating with your Health Care Team
住院和医疗会给推荐十大正规网赌平台和家属带来压力. Communication can be challenging, 而且可能很难知道该问你的医疗团队什么问题.
Patients and families should feel empowered to ask questions, such as why the central line is needed, how long it will be in place, and which infection prevention methods will be used. 他们也应该感到有权利向医生表达任何担忧, leading to better, safer health care.
Additional Resources
- The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention CLABSI Patient Education
- The Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services' Hospital Compare
Quality and Safety Performance During COVID-19
该组织的质量和安全绩效可能受到COVID-19大流行的影响. 我们会敦促患者考虑近期的表现与历史表现相结合. 患者可以通过与医疗保健提供者讨论COVID-19可能对护理质量和安全造成的破坏而受益.